First Principles of Instruction

M. David Merrill reviewed instructional design theories to identify common principles. He devised the following five principles.

1. Learning is promoted when learners are engaged in solving real-world problems.
2. Learning is promoted when existing knowledge is activated as a foundation for new knowledge.
3. Learning is promoted when new knowledge is demonstrated to the learner.
4. Learning is promoted when new knowledge is applied by the learner.
5. Learning is promoted when new knowledge is integrated into the learner’s world.

The ADDIE Model

This is the robust five-step methodology that guides the instructional design process:

• Analyse: Understand the learner’s needs and objectives.
• Design: Plan the learning experience meticulously.
• Develop: Craft the actual learning materials.
• Implement: Deliver the content to the learners.
• Evaluate: Measure the effectiveness and iterate for continuous improvement.

Role of the Instructional Designer

They are the architects of the learning experience. Their task is to analyse learner needs, define educational outcomes, and curate content that resonates and engages.

Dynamic and adaptive designs

Every industry, project, and audience beckons a tailor-made approach. Imagine interactive eLearning for tech giants or immersive workshops for creatives—the techniques are as varied as the learners. Plus, with innovations like AR or gamified modules, we’re on a continuous learning evolution! In essence, instructional design is like a chameleon, ever-adapting and keeping things fresh, ensuring every learning experience isn’t just informative, but also irresistibly engaging!